Defination of biodiversity, the importance of biodiversity, types of biodiversity, biodiversity conversation, IUCN classification of conservation.
Definition of biodiversity
biodiversity is defined as the variability among the living species in terms of the terrestrial, aquatic, and marine ecosystem. it literally means that biodiversity means the change or variation among the species over wide space around the earth in terms of a marine, terrestrial, or different ecosystems.
Conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity is important to meet the goal of the sustainable development of nature and its resource inadequate form. It constitutes the general form in which the family, community, national, and future depend upon.
IMPORTANCE OF BIODIVERSITY
Biodiversity is important in terms of maintaining the life of different flora and fauna because it also enriches our ecosystem and provides a good source available for sustainability. it also important because it provides a wide range of choice available on the earth for living organisms to make use this resource in the day to day life of the world etc. many species which provide food to the other and they prey on the other for the sustenance if a wide variety of the biodiversity present on the earth it will good for the maintaining the biodiversity but it may also threaten the if lost due to overusing of the resources etc.
TYPES OF BIODIVERSITY
1. GENETIC BIODIVERSITY
Genetic diversity refers to the variation in genes of the species in a particular organism. it means that variation means different species evolve and lead to change and adapt to the environment according to the atmosphere.gene diversity means a change in the internal structure of the organisms due to variation in species due to the evolving condition of the environment.
SPECIES BIODIVERSITY
species biodiversity refers to the species-rich organisms present on the earth due to the abundance of the living organism found on the earth species biodiversity means a wide variety of flora and fauna. India has approximately 12 % of the world biodiversity according to research done by the environmentalists etc. species differ from one another markedly in genetic makeup and do not breed in nature.
COMMUNITY BIODIVERSITY/ECOSYSTEM:
This refers to the difference in terms of the habitat (habitat means the cumulative factor-like climate, vegetation, the geography of origin) that found on the earth .community means in terms of the group of the people living together in a herd or community. there are several habitats like grassland, coral, wetland, desert,, mangrove, etc.
MEASUREMENT OF BIODIVERSITY
Biodiversity is measured by two components :
a) Species richness is measured by the number of species found in the community.
b) Species evenness
It measures the proportion of species at a given site. low evenness indicates a few species found in the region or dominant in the area.
CAUSES OF BIODIVERSITY LOSS
The major cause of the biodiversity loss is due to the habitat loss of the organisms of the species get destroyed.extinction of the species takes place when they are exploited for the economic gain or hunted as a sport for food.
NATURAL CAUSE
1.FLOODS
2.EARTHQUAKE
3.LANDSLIDE
4.LACK OF POLLINATION AND DISEASES
MAN-MADE CAUSE
1.HABITAT DESTRUCTION
2.HUNTING AND POACHING
3.POLLUTION
4.DESTRUCTION OF COASTAL AREA
BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION :
Modes of conservation:
a) Ex-situ conservation: it is a means of conservation in which we preserving biodiversity outside the area where animals found this term is called ex-situ conservation.
b)In situ conservation: conserving the animals in their natural habitat of the organisms it called in situ conservation.
IUCN CLASSIFICATION OF CONSERVATION
1.extinct
extinct means the individual organisms not seen after the last record (seen).
2.critically endangered
this category indicates the over the year population of organisms dip low greater than ( 90%).
3.endangered
reduction in the population up to ( 70% over 10 years).
4.vulneraable
reduction in population over (50% in 10 years.)
population size up to 1000 individuals mature.
Tags:
Environment